{"kind": "product", "path": "vulns/ubuntu-pro-16.04-lts/python-idna", "name": "python-idna", "product": "python-idna", "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS", "items": [{"id": "CVE-2026-45409", "noindex": false, "published": "2026-06-05T22:06:07.082Z", "modified": "2026-06-08T16:34:00.295Z", "cvss": 6.9, "cvss_vector": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N", "severity": "medium", "epss": 0.00408, "kev": false, "exploits": [], "stacks": [{"name": "system", "path": "vulns/stack/system", "slug": "system"}], "path": "vulns/cve-2026-45409", "title": "Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Specially crafted inputs to idna.encode() can bypass CVE-2024-3651 fix", "description": "Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) for Python provides support for Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) and Unicode IDNA Compatibility Processing. In versions prior to 3.15, payloads such as `\"\\u0660\" * N` or `\"\\u30fb\" * N + \"\\u6f22\"` utilize the `valid_contexto` function prior to length rejection, and for high values of `N` will take a long time to process. This is the same issue as CVE-2024-3651, however the original remediation in 2024 was not a complete fix. A specially crafted argument to the `idna.encode()` function could consume significant resources. This may lead to a denial-of-service. Starting in", "references": ["https://github.com/kjd/idna/security/advisories/GHSA-65pc-fj4g-8rjx", "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45409"], "fixes": [], "products": [{"name": "python-idna", "path": "vulns/ubuntu-pro-16.04-lts/python-idna", "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS"}]}, {"id": "CVE-2024-3651", "noindex": false, "published": "2024-07-07T17:22:10.032Z", "modified": "2025-11-04T22:06:20.751Z", "cvss": 6.2, "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "severity": "medium", "epss": 0.01386, "kev": false, "exploits": ["public-poc"], "stacks": [{"name": "system", "path": "vulns/stack/system", "slug": "system"}], "path": "vulns/cve-2024-3651", "title": "Denial of Service via Quadratic Complexity in kjd/idna", "description": "A vulnerability was identified in the kjd/idna library, specifically within the `idna.encode()` function, affecting version 3.6. The issue arises from the function's handling of crafted input strings, which can lead to quadratic complexity and consequently, a denial of service condition. This vulnerability is triggered by a crafted input that causes the `idna.encode()` function to process the input with considerable computational load, significantly increasing the processing time in a quadratic manner relative to the input size.", "references": ["https://huntr.com/bounties/93d78d07-d791-4b39-a845-cbfabc44aadb", "https://github.com/kjd/idna/commit/1d365e17e10d72d0b7876316fc7b9ca0eebdd38d", "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/05/msg00006.html"], "fixes": ["2.0-3ubuntu0.1~esm1"], "products": [{"name": "python-idna", "path": "vulns/ubuntu-pro-16.04-lts/python-idna", "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS"}]}], "total": 2, "unknown_count": 0, "release_unconfirmed": false, "page": 1, "pages": 1, "filtered": false, "noindex": false, "filters": {}, "page_size": 20, "products": [{"name": "python-idna", "path": "vulns/ubuntu-pro-16.04-lts/python-idna", "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS"}], "stacks": [{"name": "system", "path": "vulns/stack/system", "slug": "system"}, {"name": "web", "path": "vulns/stack/web", "slug": "web"}, {"name": "php", "path": "vulns/stack/php", "slug": "php"}, {"name": "python", "path": "vulns/stack/python", "slug": "python"}, {"name": "node", "path": "vulns/stack/node", "slug": "node"}, {"name": "database", "path": "vulns/stack/database", "slug": "database"}, {"name": "containers", "path": "vulns/stack/containers", "slug": "containers"}, {"name": "network", "path": "vulns/stack/network", "slug": "network"}, {"name": "applications", "path": "vulns/stack/applications", "slug": "applications"}], "versions": [], "stats": {"recent": 0, "kev": 0}, "lastmod": "2026-06-08T16:34:00.295Z", "early_advisories": [], "license": "Puedes utilizar libremente la selección de PatchFirst y nuestras aportaciones (prioridades, alertas tempranas, textos, resúmenes y agregados) para tus propios fines, incluido el uso interno de tu empresa. 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Las noticias incluyen un enlace a la fuente original en cada entrada.", "sources": [{"id": "cve", "name": "CVE List / CVE.org", "url": "https://www.cve.org/", "license": "CVE Terms of Use", "terms_url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse", "notice": "Copyright © 1999–2021, The MITRE Corporation. LICENSE Submissions : For all materials you submit to the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™), you hereby grant to The MITRE Corporation (MITRE) and all CVE Numbering Authorities (CNAs) a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute such materials and derivative works. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, you provide such materials on an \"AS IS\" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. CVE Usage : MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy. DISCLAIMERS ALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN PROVIDED BY MITRE ARE PROVIDED ON AN \"AS IS\" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE."}, {"id": "osv", "name": "OSV", "url": "https://osv.dev/", "terms_url": "https://google.github.io/osv.dev/data/", "terms": "Las licencias de las bases originales varían; consulta el catálogo de fuentes."}, {"id": "kev", "name": "CISA KEV", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog", "license": "CC0-1.0", "terms_url": "https://github.com/cisagov/kev-data/blob/develop/LICENSE"}, {"id": "epss", "name": "FIRST EPSS", "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/", "terms_url": "https://www.first.org/epss/faq", "terms": "Puntuaciones públicas gratuitas; se solicita atribución (FIRST EPSS, puntuaciones generadas por Empirical Security)."}, {"id": "github-advisory", "name": "GitHub Advisory Database", "url": "https://github.com/advisories", "license": "CC-BY-4.0", "terms_url": "https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/LICENSE.md"}, {"id": "exploitdb", "name": "Exploit-DB", "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/", "license": "GPL-2.0", "terms_url": "https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb/-/blob/main/LICENSE.md"}, {"id": "metasploit", "name": "Metasploit", "url": "https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework", "license": "BSD-3-Clause", "terms_url": "https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/LICENSE", "notice": "Copyright (c) 2006-2026, Rapid7, Inc.\nLicense: BSD-3-clause\n Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,\n are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:\n .\n * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,\n this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.\n .\n * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,\n this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation\n and/or other materials provided with the distribution.\n .\n * Neither the name of Rapid7, Inc. nor the names of its contributors\n may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software\n without specific prior written permission.\n .\n THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS \"AS IS\" AND\n ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED\n WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE\n DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR\n ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES\n (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;\n LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON\n ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT\n (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS\n SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."}, {"id": "nuclei", "name": "Nuclei Templates", "url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates", "license": "MIT", "terms_url": "https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/LICENSE.md", "notice": "MIT License\n\nCopyright (c) 2025 ProjectDiscovery, Inc.\n\nPermission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\nof this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to deal\nin the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights\nto use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell\ncopies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\nfurnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n\nThe above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all\ncopies or substantial portions of the Software.\n\nTHE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\nIMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\nFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\nAUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\nLIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,\nOUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE\nSOFTWARE."}, {"id": "linux-kernel", "name": "Linux kernel releases", "url": "https://www.kernel.org/", "license": "CC-BY-SA-4.0", "terms_url": "https://www.kernel.org/legal.html", "notice": "Copyright (C) 1997-2014 by The Linux Kernel Organization, Inc."}]}