p PatchFirst

CVE-2026-28390

CVE-2026-28390 · Possible NULL Dereference When Processing CMS KeyTransportRecipientInfo

This page contains facts from public vulnerability sources. Check the original advisory before updating.

This page shows selected source facts. See the linked advisories for the complete description and affected versions.

Issue summary: During processing of a crafted CMS EnvelopedData message with KeyTransportRecipientInfo a NULL pointer dereference can happen. Impact summary: Applications that process attacker-controlled CMS data may crash before authentication or cryptographic operations occur resulting in Denial of Service. When a CMS EnvelopedData message that uses KeyTransportRecipientInfo with RSA-OAEP encryption is processed, the optional parameters field of RSA-OAEP SourceFunc algorithm identifier is examined without checking for its presence. This results in a NULL pointer dereference if the field is missing. Applications and services that call CMS_decrypt() on untrusted input (e.g., S/MIME processing or CMS-based protocols) are vulnerable. The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue, as the affected code is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

CVSS 7.5 · High · EPSS 0.8% · Fix available

Published
Updated

Stack: system · network

Affected products and versions

  • openssl

    Versions
    • ≥ 3.6.0, < 3.6.2: Affected (semver)
    • ≥ 3.5.0, < 3.5.6: Affected (semver)
    • ≥ 3.4.0, < 3.4.5: Affected (semver)
    • ≥ 3.3.0, < 3.3.7: Affected (semver)
    • ≥ 3.0.0, < 3.0.20: Affected (semver)
    • ≥ 1.1.1, < 1.1.1zg: Affected (custom)
    • ≥ 1.0.2, < 1.0.2zp: Affected (custom)

    Update to 1.0.2zp; Update to 1.1.1zg; Update to 3.0.20; Update to 3.3.7; Update to 3.4.5; Update to 3.5.6; Update to 3.6.2

  • openssl Debian:12

    Versions
    • 3.0.10-1
    • 3.0.10-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.11-1
    • 3.0.11-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.11-1~deb12u2
    • 3.0.12-1
    • 3.0.12-2
    • 3.0.13-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.13-1~deb12u2
    • 3.0.14-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.14-1~deb12u2
    • 3.0.15-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.16-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.17-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.17-1~deb12u2
    • 3.0.17-1~deb12u3
    • 3.0.18-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.18-1~deb12u2
    • 3.0.19-1~deb12u1
    • 3.0.9-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 3.0.19-1~deb12u2

    Update to 3.0.19-1~deb12u2

  • openssl Debian:13

    Versions
    • 3.5.1-1
    • 3.5.1-1+deb13u1
    • 3.5.2-1
    • 3.5.3-1
    • 3.5.4-1
    • 3.5.4-1~deb13u1
    • 3.5.4-1~deb13u2
    • 3.5.5-1~deb13u1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 3.5.5-1~deb13u2

    Update to 3.5.5-1~deb13u2

  • openssl Debian:14

    Versions
    • 3.5.1-1
    • 3.5.2-1
    • 3.5.3-1
    • 3.5.4-1
    • 3.5.4-1~deb13u1
    • 3.5.4-1~deb13u2
    • 3.5.5-1
    • 3.5.5-1~deb13u1
    • 3.5.5-1~deb13u2
    • 3.5.6-1~deb13u1
    • 3.5.6-1~deb13u2
    • 3.5.7-1~deb13u1
    • 3.5.7-1~deb13u2
    • 3.5.7-1~deb13u3
    • 3.6.0-1
    • 3.6.0-2
    • 3.6.0~~alpha1-1
    • 3.6.0~~beta1-1
    • 3.6.1-1
    • 3.6.1-2
    • 3.6.1-3
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 3.6.2-1

    Update to 3.6.2-1

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.0.2d-0ubuntu1
    • 1.0.2d-0ubuntu2
    • 1.0.2e-1ubuntu1
    • 1.0.2f-2ubuntu1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu2
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu3
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.2
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.4
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.5
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.6
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.8
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.9
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.10
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.11
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.12
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.13
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.14
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.15
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.16
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.17
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.18
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.19
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm2
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm3
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm4
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm5
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm6
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm7
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm9
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm10
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm11
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm12
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm13
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm14
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm15

    Update to 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.20+esm15

  • edk2 Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 0~20150106.5c2d456b-2
    • 0~20160104.c2a892d7-1
    • 0~20160408.ffea0a2c-2
    • 0~20160408.ffea0a2c-2ubuntu0.1
    • 0~20160408.ffea0a2c-2ubuntu0.2
    • 0~20160408.ffea0a2c-2ubuntu0.2+esm1
    • 0~20160408.ffea0a2c-2ubuntu0.2+esm3
    • 0~20160408.ffea0a2c-2ubuntu0.2+esm4
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • nodejs Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 0.10.25~dfsg2-2ubuntu1
    • 4.2.2~dfsg-1
    • 4.2.3~dfsg-1
    • 4.2.4~dfsg-1ubuntu1
    • 4.2.4~dfsg-2
    • 4.2.6~dfsg-1ubuntu1
    • 4.2.6~dfsg-1ubuntu4
    • 4.2.6~dfsg-1ubuntu4.1
    • 4.2.6~dfsg-1ubuntu4.2
    • 4.2.6~dfsg-1ubuntu4.2+esm1
    • 4.2.6~dfsg-1ubuntu4.2+esm2
    • 4.2.6~dfsg-1ubuntu4.2+esm3
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:16.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.9.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.13.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.15.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.16.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.17.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.18.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.19.3
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.2
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.3
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.6
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.7
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.9
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.10
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.11
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.12
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.13
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.14
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.15

    Update to 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.20.15

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS:16.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.6~ppa1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.6~ppa2
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.6~ppa3
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.6
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.6.1
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.6.2
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.fips.4.6.3
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu13
    • 1.0.2g-1ubuntu14
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu1
    • 1.1.0g-2ubuntu1
    • 1.1.0g-2ubuntu2
    • 1.1.0g-2ubuntu3
    • 1.1.0g-2ubuntu4
    • 1.1.0g-2ubuntu4.1
    • 1.1.0g-2ubuntu4.3
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.1
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.2
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.3
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.4
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.5
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.6
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.7
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.8
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.9
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.10
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.13
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.14
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.15
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.17
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.19
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.20
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.21
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.22
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23+esm1
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23+esm3
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23+esm4
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23+esm5
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23+esm6
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23+esm7
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23+esm8

    Update to 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.1~18.04.23+esm8

  • openssl1.0 Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu2
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu3
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu4
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.1
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.2
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.3
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.4
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.5
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.6
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.7
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.8
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.9
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.10
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.11
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.12
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.13
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.13+esm1
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.13+esm2
    • 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.13+esm3
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.13+esm4

    Update to 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.13+esm4

  • edk2 Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 0~20170911.5dfba97c-1
    • 0~20171010.234dbcef-1
    • 0~20171027.76fd5a66-1
    • 0~20171205.a9212288-1
    • 0~20180105.0bc94c74-1
    • 0~20180205.c0d9813c-1
    • 0~20180205.c0d9813c-2
    • 0~20180205.c0d9813c-2ubuntu0.1
    • 0~20180205.c0d9813c-2ubuntu0.2
    • 0~20180205.c0d9813c-2ubuntu0.3
    • 0~20180205.c0d9813c-2ubuntu0.3+esm1
    • 0~20180205.c0d9813c-2ubuntu0.3+esm2
    • 0~20180205.c0d9813c-2ubuntu0.3+esm3
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • nodejs Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 6.11.4~dfsg-1ubuntu1
    • 6.11.4~dfsg-1ubuntu2
    • 6.12.0~dfsg-1ubuntu1
    • 6.12.0~dfsg-2ubuntu1
    • 6.12.0~dfsg-2ubuntu2
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.2
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.3
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.4
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.4+esm1
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.4+esm2
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.4+esm3
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.4+esm4
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.4+esm5
    • 8.10.0~dfsg-2ubuntu0.4+esm6
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:18.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.5.1
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.6.1
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.7.1
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.9.1
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.9.2
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.9.3
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.13.2
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.15
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.15.1
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.15.2
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.17
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.20
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.21
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.22
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.23
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.23.3
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.23.4
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.23.5
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.23.6
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.23.7
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.23.8

    Update to 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.23.8

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS:18.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.3.1
    • 1.1.1-1ubuntu2.fips.2.1~18.04.15.2
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • edk2 Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 0~20190606.20d2e5a1-2ubuntu1
    • 0~20190828.37eef910-3
    • 0~20190828.37eef910-4
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-1
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-1ubuntu1
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu1
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu2
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3.1
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3.2
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3.3
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3.4
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3.5
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3.6
    • 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3.6+esm1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.1.1c-1ubuntu4
    • 1.1.1d-2ubuntu3
    • 1.1.1d-2ubuntu6
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu1
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.1
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.2
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.3
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.4
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.5
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.8
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.9
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.10
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.11
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.12
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.13
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.15
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.16
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.17
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.18
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.19
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.20
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.21
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.22
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.23
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.24
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.24+esm1
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.24+esm2
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.24+esm3

    Update to 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.24+esm3

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:20.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.7
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.7.2
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.12
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.13
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.13.1
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.16
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.17
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.18
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.19
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.20
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.21
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.22
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.24
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.24.1
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.24.2
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.24.3

    Update to 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.24.3

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS:20.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.2.8
    • 1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.fips.7.1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • edk2 Ubuntu:22.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 2021.08~rc0-2
    • 2021.08-3
    • 2021.11~rc1-1
    • 2021.11-1
    • 2021.11-2
    • 2022.02~rc1-1
    • 2022.02~rc1-1ubuntu1
    • 2022.02-1
    • 2022.02-2
    • 2022.02-3
    • 2022.02-3ubuntu0.22.04.1
    • 2022.02-3ubuntu0.22.04.2
    • 2022.02-3ubuntu0.22.04.3
    • 2022.02-3ubuntu0.22.04.4
    • 2022.02-3ubuntu0.22.04.5
    • 2022.02-3ubuntu0.22.04.6
    • 2022.02-3ubuntu0.22.04.7
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • openssl Ubuntu:22.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.1.1l-1ubuntu1
    • 3.0.0-1ubuntu1
    • 3.0.1-0ubuntu1
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.1
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.2
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.4
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.5
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.6
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.7
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.8
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.9
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.10
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.12
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.13
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.14
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.15
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.16
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.17
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.18
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.19
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.20
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.21
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.23

    Update to 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.23

  • nodejs Ubuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 12.22.5~dfsg-5ubuntu1
    • 12.22.7~dfsg-2ubuntu1
    • 12.22.7~dfsg-2ubuntu3
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu2
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3.1
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3.2
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3.3
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3.4
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3.5
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3.6
    • 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3.6+esm2
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • openssl Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-preview:22.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.10+Fips1
    • 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.12+Fips1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • openssl-fips Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-preview:22.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 3.0.5-0ubuntu0.1+Fips2.1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

Original sources

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