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CVE-2026-102277

CVE-2026-102277 · brace-expansion: Quadratic-time expansion of the `{a},b}` rewrite causes CPU denial of service

This page contains facts from public vulnerability sources. Check the original advisory before updating.

The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.21, 2.1.7, 3.0.9, and 5.0.12, the expand function handles untrusted {a},b}-shaped patterns with many trailing closing braces by restarting its scan once for each trailing closing brace. The successive full-input rescans with linear working-string growth cause quadratic CPU time and memory pressure that can block the Node.js event loop. The process eventually recovers, making the impact a recoverable CPU denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.21, 2.1.7, 3.0.9, and 5.0.12.

CVSS 5.3 · Medium · EPSS 0.4% · Fix available

Published
Updated

Stack: system · node

Affected products and versions

  • brace-expansion

    Versions
    • >= 4.0.0, < 5.0.12: Affected
    • >= 3.0.0, < 3.0.9: Affected
    • >= 2.0.0, < 2.1.7: Affected
    • < 1.1.21: Affected

    No fix published

  • node-brace-expansion Debian:12

    Versions
    • 2.0.1+~1.1.0-1
    • 2.0.1+~1.1.0-2
    • 2.0.1-2
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-1
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-2
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-3
    • 2.1.4+~1.1.2-1
    • 2.1.7+~1.1.2-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • node-brace-expansion Debian:13

    Versions
    • 2.0.1+~1.1.0-2
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-1
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-2
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-3
    • 2.1.4+~1.1.2-1
    • 2.1.7+~1.1.2-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • node-brace-expansion Debian:14

    Versions
    • 2.0.1+~1.1.0-2
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-1
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-2
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-3
    • 2.1.4+~1.1.2-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: < 2.1.7+~1.1.2-1

    Update to 2.1.7+~1.1.2-1

  • brace-expansion npm

    Affected ranges
    • SEMVER: ≥ 4.0.0, < 5.0.12

    Update to 5.0.12

  • brace-expansion npm

    Affected ranges
    • SEMVER: ≥ 3.0.0, < 3.0.9

    Update to 3.0.9

  • brace-expansion npm

    Affected ranges
    • SEMVER: ≥ 2.0.0, < 2.1.7

    Update to 2.1.7

  • brace-expansion npm

    Affected ranges
    • SEMVER: < 1.1.21

    Update to 1.1.21

  • node-brace-expansion Ubuntu:18.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.1.8-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • node-brace-expansion Ubuntu:20.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 1.1.8-1
    • 1.1.11-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • node-brace-expansion Ubuntu:22.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 2.0.0-1
    • 2.0.1-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • node-brace-expansion Ubuntu:24.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 2.0.1-2
    • 2.0.1+~1.1.0-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • node-brace-expansion Ubuntu:26.10

    Versions
    • 2.0.1+~1.1.0-2
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-2
    • 2.0.3+~1.1.2-3
    • 2.1.4+~1.1.2-1
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

  • node-brace-expansion Ubuntu:26.04:LTS

    Versions
    • 2.0.1+~1.1.0-2
    Affected ranges
    • ECOSYSTEM: (−∞, +∞)

    No fix published

Original sources

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