A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in the unauthenticated REST API endpoint /99/ImportSQLTable in H2O-3 version 3.46.0.9 and prior. The vulnerability arises due to insufficient security controls in the parameter blacklist mechanism, which only targets MySQL JDBC driver-specific dangerous parameters. An attacker can bypass these controls by switching the JDBC URL protocol to jdbc:postgresql: and exploiting PostgreSQL JDBC driver-specific parameters such as socketFactory and socketFactoryArg. This allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code on the H2O-3 server with the privileges of the H2O-3 process. The issue
Remote Arbitrary File Write with Arbitrary Data in h2oai/h2o-3
A vulnerability in h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0.1 allows remote attackers to write arbitrary data to any file on the server. This is achieved by exploiting the `/3/Parse` endpoint to inject attacker-controlled data as the header of an empty file, which is then exported using the `/3/Frames/framename/export` endpoint. The impact of this vulnerability includes the potential for remote code execution and complete access to the system running h2o-3, as attackers can overwrite critical files such as private SSH keys or script files.
A deserialization vulnerability exists in h2oai/h2o-3 versions <= 3.46.0.8, allowing attackers to read arbitrary system files and execute arbitrary code. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of JDBC connection parameters, which can be exploited by bypassing regular expression checks and using double URL encoding. This issue impacts all users of the affected versions.
A vulnerability in the `/3/Parse` endpoint of h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0.1 allows for a denial of service (DoS) attack. The endpoint uses a user-specified string to construct a regular expression, which is then applied to another user-specified string. By sending multiple simultaneous requests, an attacker can exhaust all available threads, leading to a complete denial of service.
A vulnerability in the typeahead endpoint of h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0 allows for a denial of service. The endpoint performs a `HEAD` request to verify the existence of a specified resource without setting a timeout. An attacker can exploit this by sending multiple requests to an attacker-controlled server that hangs, causing the application to block and become unresponsive to other requests.
A vulnerability in the `/3/ImportFiles` endpoint of h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.1 allows an attacker to cause a denial of service. The endpoint takes a single GET parameter, `path`, which can be recursively set to reference itself. This leads the server to repeatedly call its own endpoint, eventually filling up the request queue and leaving the server unable to handle other requests.
Encryption of Arbitrary Files with Attacker-Controlled Key in h2oai/h2o-3
In h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0, an endpoint exposing a custom EncryptionTool allows an attacker to encrypt any files on the target server with a key of their choosing. The chosen key can also be overwritten, resulting in ransomware-like behavior. This vulnerability makes it possible for an attacker to encrypt arbitrary files with keys of their choice, making it exceedingly difficult for the target to recover the keys needed for decryption.
In h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0, the `/99/Models/{name}/json` endpoint allows for arbitrary file overwrite on the target server. The vulnerability arises from the `exportModelDetails` function in `ModelsHandler.java`, where the user-controllable `mexport.dir` parameter is used to specify the file path for writing model details. This can lead to overwriting files at arbitrary locations on the host system.
A vulnerability in the `/3/ParseSetup` endpoint of h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0.1 allows for a denial of service (DoS) attack. The endpoint applies a user-specified regular expression to a user-controllable string. This can be exploited by an attacker to cause inefficient regular expression complexity, leading to the exhaustion of server resources and making the server unresponsive.
In h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0, the endpoint for exporting models does not restrict the export location, allowing an attacker to export a model to any file in the server's file structure, thereby overwriting it. This vulnerability can be exploited to overwrite any file on the target server with a trained model file, although the content of the overwrite is not controllable by the attacker.
Denial of Service and Arbitrary File Write in h2oai/h2o-3
In h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0.1, the `run_tool` command exposes classes in the `water.tools` package through the `ast` parser. This includes the `XGBoostLibExtractTool` class, which can be exploited to shut down the server and write large files to arbitrary directories, leading to a denial of service.
A vulnerability in the h2oai/h2o-3 REST API versions 3.46.0.4 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via deserialization of untrusted data. The vulnerability exists in the endpoints POST /99/ImportSQLTable and POST /3/SaveToHiveTable, where user-controlled JDBC URLs are passed to DriverManager.getConnection, leading to deserialization if a MySQL or PostgreSQL driver is available in the classpath. This issue is fixed in version 3.47.0.
In h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0.2, a vulnerability exists where uploading and repeatedly parsing a large GZIP file can cause a denial of service. The server becomes unresponsive due to memory exhaustion and a large number of concurrent slow-running jobs. This issue arises from the improper handling of highly compressed data, leading to significant data amplification.
H2O.ai H2O through 3.46.0.4 allows attackers to arbitrarily set the JDBC URL, leading to deserialization attacks, file reads, and command execution. Exploitation can occur when an attacker has access to post to the ImportSQLTable URI with a JSON document containing a connection_url property with any typical JDBC Connection URL attack payload such as one that uses queryInterceptors.
Denial of Service via Invalid Argument in h2oai/h2o-3
In h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0, the `run_tool` command in the `rapids` component allows the `main` function of any class under the `water.tools` namespace to be called. One such class, `MojoConvertTool`, crashes the server when invoked with an invalid argument, causing a denial of service.
Exposure of Sensitive Information via Arbitrary System Path Lookup in h2oai/h2o-3
In h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.40.0.4, an exposure of sensitive information vulnerability exists due to an arbitrary system path lookup feature. This vulnerability allows any remote user to view full paths in the entire file system where h2o-3 is hosted. Specifically, the issue resides in the Typeahead API call, which when requested with a typeahead lookup of '/', exposes the root filesystem including directories such as /home, /usr, /bin, among others. This vulnerability could allow attackers to explore the entire filesystem, and when combined with a Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability, could make exploitation of the server trivial.